Dep/ACE: Upgrade ACE -library to 5.8.3
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This document is also available at the following URL:
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http://www.cs.wustl.edu/~schmidt/ACE.html
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All software and documentation is available via both anonymous ftp and
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the World Wide Web.]
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THE ADAPTIVE COMMUNICATION ENVIRONMENT (ACE)
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An Object-Oriented Network Programming Toolkit
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----------------------------------------
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Overview of ACE
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The ADAPTIVE Communication Environment (ACE) is an object-oriented
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(OO) toolkit that implements fundamental design patterns for
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communication software. ACE provides a rich set of reusable C++
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wrappers and frameworks that perform common communication software
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tasks across a range of OS platforms, including Win32/Win64, most
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versions of UNIX (e.g., SunOS, HP-UX , AIX, Linux, NetBSD, and FreeBSD),
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real-time operating systems (e.g., VxWorks, Chorus, LynxOS, and QNX),
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OpenVMS, and MVS OpenEdition. A single source tree is used for all
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these platforms and porting ACE to other platforms is relatively easy.
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The communication software components provided by ACE include event
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demultiplexing and event handler dispatching, service initialization,
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interprocess communication, shared memory management, message routing,
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dynamic (re)configuration of distributed services, multi-threading,
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and concurrency control. There are both C++ and Java versions of ACE
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available.
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ACE is targeted for developers of high-performance and real-time
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communication services and applications on UNIX, POSIX, and Win32
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platforms. ACE simplifies the development of OO network applications
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and services that utilize interprocess communication, event
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demultiplexing, explicit dynamic linking, and concurrency. ACE
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automates system configuration and reconfiguration by dynamically
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linking services into applications at run-time and executing these
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services in one or more processes or threads.
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ACE is currently used in commercial projects and products by dozens of
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companies including Ericsson, Bellcore, Siemens, Motorola, Kodak,
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Boeing, Lucent, DEC, Lockheed Martin, and SAIC. Commercial support
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for ACE is available from several companies as listed at
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http://www.cs.wustl.edu/~schmidt/commercial-support.html
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----------------------------------------
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C++ Wrappers for OS Interfaces
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The lower-level portions of ACE provide a set of portable and
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type-secure C++ wrappers that encapsulate the following C language OS
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interfaces:
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. IPC mechanisms
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-- e.g., Internet- and UNIX-domain sockets, TLI, Named
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Pipes (for UNIX and Win32) and STREAM pipes;
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. Event demultiplexing
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-- e.g., select(), poll(), and Win32
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WaitForMultipleObjects and I/O completion ports;
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. Multi-threading and synchronization
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-- e.g., Solaris threads, POSIX Pthreads, and Win32
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threads;
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. Explicit dynamic linking
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-- e.g., dlopen/dlsym on UNIX and LoadLibrary/GetProc
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on Win32;
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. Memory-mapped files and shared memory management
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-- e.g., BSD mmap(), SYSV shared memory, and Win32
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shared memory;
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. System V IPC
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-- e.g., shared memory, semaphores, message queues.
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The OS Adaptation Layer shields the upper levels of ACE from platform
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dependencies associated with the underlying OS interfaces.
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----------------------------------------
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Frameworks and Class Categories
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ACE also contains a higher-level network programming framework that
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integrates and enhances the lower-level C++ wrappers. This framework
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supports the dynamic configuration of concurrent distributed services
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into applications. The framework portion of ACE contains the
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following class categories:
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. The Reactor
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-- Supports both Reactive and Proactive I/O;
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. The Service Configurator
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-- Support dynamic (re)configuration of objects;
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. The ADAPTIVE Service Executive
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-- A user-level implementation of System V STREAMS,
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that supports modular integration of
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hierarchically-related communicaion services;
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. Concurrency
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-- Various types of higher-level concurrency
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control and synchronization patterns (such as
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Polymorphic Futures and Active Objects);
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. Shared Malloc
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-- Components for managing dynamically allocation
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of shared and local memory;
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----------------------------------------
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Distributed Services and Components
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Finally, ACE provides a standard library of distributed services that
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are packaged as components. These service components play two roles
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in ACE:
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1. They provide reusable components for common distributed
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system tasks such as logging, naming, locking, and time
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synchronization.
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2. They illustrate how to utilize ACE features such as the
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Reactor, Service Configurator, Service Initialization,
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Concurrency, and IPC components.
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----------------------------------------
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Middleware Applications
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ACE has been used in research and development projects at many
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universities and companies. For instance, it has been used to build
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avionics systems at Boeing, telecommunication systems at Bellcore,
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Ericsson, Motorola, and Lucent; medical imaging systems at Siemens and
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Kodak; and many academic research projects. Two example middleware
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applications provided with the ACE release include:
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1. The ACE ORB (TAO) -- TAO is a real-time implementation of
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CORBA built using the framework components and patterns
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provided by ACE.
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2. JAWS -- JAWS is a high-performance, adaptive Web server
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built using the components in ACE.
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----------------------------------------
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OBTAINING ACE
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The current ACE release is provided as a tar file that is around 3 Meg
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compressed using GNU gzip. ACE may be obtained electronically from
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http://www.cs.wustl.edu/~schmidt/ACE-obtain.html. This release
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contains the source code, test drivers, and example applications
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(including JAWS) for C++ wrapper libraries and the higher-level ACE
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network programming framework developed as part of the ADAPTIVE
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project at the University of California, Irvine and at Washington
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University, St. Louis.
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You can get The ACE ORB (TAO) in a companion release at
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http://www.cs.wustl.edu/~schmidt/TAO.html.
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----------------------------------------
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ACE DOCUMENTATION AND TUTORIALS
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Many of the C++ wrappers and higher-level components have been
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described in issues of the C++ Report, as well as in proceedings of
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many journals, conferences, and workshops.
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A collection of white papers and tutorial handouts are included at
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ftp://wuarchive.wustl.edu/languages/c++/ACE/ACE-documentation. This
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directory contains postscript versions of various papers that describe
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different aspects of ACE.
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I update these papers periodically to reflect changes to the ACE
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architecture. Therefore, you might want to check the date on the
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files to make sure that you have read the most recent versions of
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these papers.
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This material is also available available via the WWW at URL:
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http://www.cs.wustl.edu/~schmidt/ACE.html
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----------------------------------------
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ACE MAILING LIST AND NEWSGROUP
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A mailing list, [email protected], is available for discussing
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bug fixes, enhancements, and porting issues regarding ACE. Please
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send mail to me at the [email protected]
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if you'd like to join the mailing list. There is also a USENET newsgroup
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called comp.soft-sys.ace. Please see
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http://www.cs.wustl.edu/~schmidt/ACE-mail.html for details on how to
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subscribe to the mailing list.
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----------------------------------------
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BUILDING AND INSTALLING ACE
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Please refer to the http://www.cs.wustl.edu/~schmidt/ACE-install.html
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file for information on how to build and test the ACE wrappers. The
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BIBLIOGRAPHY file contains information on where to obtain articles
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that describe the ACE wrappers and the ADAPTIVE system in more detail.
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The current release has been tested extensively, but if you find any
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bugs, please report them to the ACE mailing list
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[email protected] using the $ACE_ROOT/PROBLEM-REPORT-FORM.
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Please use the same form to submit questions, comments, etc.
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To ensure that you see responses, please do one of the following:
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1) Subscribe to the ace-users mail list, by sending email with
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contents "subscribe ace-users" to
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[email protected].
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2) Or, monitor the comp.soft-sys.ace newsgroup for responses.
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----------------------------------------
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
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Please see the file `$ACE_ROOT/THANKS' for a list of the thousands of
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people who've contributed to ACE and TAO over the years.
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